T=(0.5~0.7)*k*σs*As*d/1000
I roto i a rātou,
T: te whakakaha o te taipana, Nm
k: te tauwehenga kaha whakawhāiti, te tikanga 0.12
σs: te kaha tuku rauemi pūtu, Mpa
Pēnei i: te horahanga whakawhiti-wāhanga morearea, mm2
d: Diameter ingoa, mm

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